Optical communication, also known as fiber optic communication, is a way of transmitting information using light and optical fibers, and belongs to a type of wired communication. Since the 1980s, fiber optic communication systems have had a revolutionary impact on the telecommunications industry and have played a very important role in the digital age. Fiber optic communication uses light waves as information carriers and optical fibers as transmission media. Its basic material elements include optical fibers, light sources, and optical detectors. Fiber optic cables consist of an inner core and a cladding. The inner core is usually very thin, thinner than a single hair, while the outer cladding serves to protect the fiber optic cable. In fact, the fiber optic communication system does not use a single fiber optic cable, but a fiber optic cable composed of many fibers gathered together.

In addition, optical communication also involves many professional terms and equipment, such as QSFP-DD, SR8, DR4, XDR4, XXDR4, FR4, LR4, ER4, etc. These terms cover various aspects of optical devices, such as transmission distance, data rate, etc. 

The development of fiber optic communication has played a fundamental role in promoting the development of communication networks and is the foundation of modern telecommunications networks. Its main development trends include nanotechnology, optical switching, PON (Passive Optical Network), optical soliton communication, etc. The development of these technologies not only affects communication technology itself, but also has a profound impact on telecommunications networks and information.